Historical facts: Begining of The Incas

The Inca Empire flourished on the west coast of South America from 13th to 16th century. They conquered this  region after a series of wars against Indians tribes. The Incas first came on the Peruvian scene somewhere around 1300 A.D. They were then just a small group. During their first two hundreds years they were competitors of small tribes. At the time of Emperor Pachacuti Incas became the most powerful nation in South America. And they continued to remained same for another hundred years. After his death his son Topa Inca continued to conquest both to north and south direction. Under his reign the Empire had spread into Central Chile and Northern Ecuador. The next Inca Emperor Huayna Capac got hold of the remaining Andes. He even spread his conquest up to Bolivia. Before he died he separated his reign into two parts to be ruled by his two sons Huascar and Atahualpa. Sad thing was that still after his death there was a great civil war between the two brothers. At 1532 Atahuallpa got his brother killed and became the Emperor of Inca. At the same time ( on 1532) Spaniards arrived.

While our known world was prospering in its own way in Europe and Asia in 13th or 14th century, a parallel world was gaining momentum in South America. They did not have any Newton, Pascal or Shakespeare; they did not have even any written languages. Still there grew a great civilization. They built houses and palaces with enormous stones; they built roads with highest quality without having the knowledge of all those great scientists of the other part of the world. How they achieved those is still a mystery.  

They lasted not long, but developed to a great monarchy within a short period of time.